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Varicocele is a urological health problem that means the expansion of blood vessels (veins) that provide venous deposition of the testicles. It can be detected in approximately 15% of the general male population. The internal structure and valves of the veins that develop varicocele deteriorate over time, and the dirty blood cannot be drawn back enough. Therefore, the testis is under the long-term effect of both toxic substances in the dirty blood and increased temperature. This may cause deterioration in the internal structure of the testis and sperm production. Varicocele is one of the most common causes of male infertility. The presence of varicocele is reported in one third of men who cannot have children and whose spouses have not been found to have a medical problem. Varicocele is much more common on the left because the spermatic vein (vein of the testis) is poured out, but the vein is different. The presence of right varicocele alone is a much rarer medical condition. If a man has a varicocele and the more severe this varicocele is, the more likely it is that the sperm production system, which we call spermatogenesis, will be negatively affected. The increased heat in the testis and the pooling of toxic substances in the testis cause oxidative stress on the cells, which causes them to degrade the sperm DNA. Over time, the number of sperm in the semen decreases, its mobility decreases and its quality deteriorates. This process can result in infertility in men, which we call infertility. However, the following issue is particularly important; The presence of varicocele does not necessarily mean that it is a condition that needs to be treated. If varicocele has disrupted sperm parameters and is a cause of infertility, then treatment is of course necessary. But if it does not cause a problem in the person, follow-up without treatment will be a much more accurate approach. Varicocele can cause decreased testicular volume and impaired testosterone production. Undoubtedly, this situation may have negative reflections on sexual functions. Manual examination alone is often sufficient for the diagnosis of varicocele. In this way, both the presence and degree of varicocele can be detected easily. However, we frequently use the radiological examination, which we call scrotal Doppler ultrasonography, in our medical practice in order to confirm the diagnosis, document it and follow the treatment process. Here, the diameter of the spermatic vein, that is, the vein, and whether there is a reverse flow can be easily detected. However, it is not an absolute requirement for diagnosis. We urologists classify varicocele in 3 degrees according to the findings of the examination. 1st Degree Varicocele; On examination, the vascular structures are normal, but it is felt to be fuller with straining. 2nd Degree Varicocele; Swollen veins are palpable without straining, and they become more obvious when straining. 3rd Degree Varicocele; Even without examination, clearly swollen and convoluted veins are observed with the naked eye. If varicocele is detected, at least 2 sperm tests should be performed and it should be checked whether spermatogenesis is affected or not. Because the result of the sperm analysis is the most important issue in deciding the treatment. After that, a decision is made with the patient, taking into account the person's marital status, whether they have children, the health status of their spouse in terms of pregnancy, and their future child plans. It is necessary to know that the longer the process until the treatment and the more severe the varicocele, the more the damage will be. In this case, it would of course be more logical to perform the treatment at the most appropriate time without neglecting it too much. If there are the following condition or conditions, varicocele must be treated absolutely. 1- If sperm values are impaired 2- If the testicular volume has decreased by more than 10% 3- Even if sperm parameters are normal, if sperm DNA damage has developed Apart from this, severe varicocele may be cosmetically disturbing to the person. Or, in the slightest activity, varicocele can also manifest itself in the form of testicular, groin and inner leg pain. Pain is an important complaint that disrupts the comfort of life in some men. In these cases, varicocele treatment may be required. TREATMENT OF VARICOCELE: The treatment of varicocele is only surgical, that is, surgical methods. In other words, varicocele is not a problem that can be treated with drugs. These surgeries can be performed in roughly 4 different ways. 1- Open conventional classical method; It is a type of surgery performed with a low-level incision in the groin area and with the naked eye (or loop glasses). The spermatic veins are ligated individually in this way. 2- Laparoscopic method; It is the method of connecting the spermatic veins from the inside and at a high level with the help of a camera that is placed inside the abdomen. 3- Microsurgery microscopic method; It is a very popular treatment method in recent years. As in the classical method, a small incision is made in the inguinal region and the spermatic cord is suspended. Afterwards, with the help of an advanced surgical microscope, the veins are examined one by one.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the most important sexual dysfunction in men. By definition, erectile dysfunction is the inability to maintain the rigidity of the penis that does not allow to initiate or continue sexual intercourse (coitus). It can occur in men of all ages, regardless of young, middle age or advanced age. Although it is basically caused by some psychogenic or organic problems, the truth is this: In every erection problem, a more or less psychogenic factor is either at the core of the event or is added to the event later on. Therefore, the role of psychogenic factors in the rooting of the erection problem is quite large. The problem of erection is of course not a vital health problem. However, it is a very important issue that disrupts psychosocial life, couple relationships and therefore quality of life. Studies show that half of men between the ages of 40 and 70 have erectile dysfunction. It is also reported that about 10% of the same age group has severe erection problems. With age, especially after the age of 60, the frequency and severity of erection problems increase significantly. In scientific studies conducted in our country, it has been determined that one out of every 3 men in the 40 to 70 age group has moderate to severe erection problems. The first issue addressed in men with erectile dysfunction is undoubtedly whether the problem is of organic or psychogenic origin. Organic problem means that the disease is caused by a physical (vascular or nervous) disease. Generally, organic causes are considered more prominent in men over 40 years of age with ED complaints. Psychogenic erection problem (PsED) is the name given to erectile dysfunction that is not due to a physical disease, but only to psychological distress and lack of skill. An important part of erectile dysfunction, which usually occurs at young ages, is due to the psychogenic background. We generally think that the core problem may be psychogenic under the age of 40 and organic after the age of 40. However, the opposite cases are not rare and should always be kept in mind. Although there is an organic cause at the core of the problem, the psychological factors added to it (disappointment, hopelessness, hurting the sense of masculinity, etc.) cause the event to grow like a snowball. It should not be forgotten that it is a small stone particle that starts an avalanche, but it is the snowdrifts that create the real destruction.

Masses in His Liver Destroyed by Interventional Method A swelling occurred in the chest area of ​​6-and-a-half-year-old Seher Erkentoka, who lives in Isparta, 3 months ago. In the examinations, it was determined that there were 3 different masses in a large part of his liver. The masses, the largest of which was 15 cm, had to be removed as soon as possible. For the procedure that could not be performed in Isparta, the family requested that Assoc. Dr. He applied to R. Aykut Aktaş. Seher Erkentoka, who got rid of the masses with the interventional procedure performed while preserving the liver, regained her health and her schoolmates. THE SWING IN THE CHEST WAS THE HIGHLIGHT OF LIVER MASSES There was a swelling in the middle of Seher Erkentoka's chest area for 3 months and it started to grow gradually. Although it was said that he did not have any disease in the examinations, he suddenly started to have a high fever problem. However, the cause of the fire was never found. Later, when they applied for the opinion of a pediatric surgeon, it was understood that the swelling in the chest area was caused by a mass formed in the liver. It was said that his liver could be preserved if he was treated with the interventional method, and the family was referred to Aykut Aktaş. OPEN SURGERY WOULD LOSE MUCH OF HIS LIVER It was determined that İlktoka had 3 canine cysts, the largest of which was 15 cm, covering 70 percent of his liver. These; When it passed to humans in the intestinal tract of dogs, it was in a structure that grew continuously by settling in the liver and had a very high risk of explosion after exceeding 10 cm. If open surgery had been performed, more than half of the liver would have to be removed. In addition, since the cysts were formed by microscopic parasites, there was a risk of recurrence in the future in case of any drip on the internal organs during the surgery. HE SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN BROKEN TO THE CHEST The 6 and a half-year-old patient Lidertoka knew that he had a disease because he was under the control of the doctor, but he could not fully understand what it was. He continued his school life by saying "I have cysts, I am fighting germs". However, he could not play games like his peers. Because there should not have been any blow to the swelling in his chest. Despite all these negativities and the warnings of her family, Seher did not give up her love of reading. WE PROTECTED OUR PATIENT'S LIVER Emphasizing that the cysts were very large when the patient reached him, Assoc. Dr. R. Aykut Aktaş said, “If our patient had received a sudden blow to his abdomen before treatment, the cysts would have exploded, resulting in death. As soon as we arrived, we made the diagnosis and treatment with the interventional method. Under the guidance of ultrasound and angiography, we injected a liquid that penetrates the cyst with a needle and kills these parasites inside. Again, we took these parasites out with the needle. Then, by placing a catheter, we also destroyed the membrane where the parasites settled and removed them from the body. We inserted 3 separate catheters in our patient in the same session. We performed the procedure, which took about 1 and a half hours, with sedation. In the second month control, we saw that almost all of the parasites disappeared and the cysts disappeared. By protecting our patient's liver, we did not prevent his healthy growth.” “My Daughter DID NOT HEAT AND DOESN'T HAVE A SIGN OF A CUT ON HIS BELLY” Father Lidertoka expressed his sadness when he learned about the masses in his daughters with the following sentences: “When we heard about the mass, the first thing that came to our mind was cancer. I cannot describe the shock I felt. My child is so young, it was scary to even think about the possibility of cancer, but hearing that he had a mass was devastating. We came to Antalya from Isparta and talked to my teacher. We learned that the masses do not carry cancer risk and we were very relieved. I never thought that my daughter could be saved with such a treatment option. During the procedure, it did not hurt and there was no incision mark on her abdomen. Most importantly, his liver was healthy and protected.”

Why does varicose occur? The valve structure of the veins is damaged. If it starts to expand, it cannot be repaired. Pain, swelling and cramping in the legs may also accompany. How many types of varicose are there? There are 3 types according to their size and shape; capillary, vascular ball thin varicose and thick skin varicose veins Is there a predisposition to varicose veins? Genetics (heredity), gender (being female), standing too much, lifting heavy, being inactive What happens if I don't get treatment for varicose veins? If varicose veins are not treated, it progresses gradually and reduces the quality of life. If varicose veins progress, wounds may open on the ankle. All varicose veins can be treated on an outpatient basis without loss of work force. Varicose vein sclerotherapy is a method that has been used safely for 30 years. After the treatment of varicose veins, spots may occur temporarily, but they resolve spontaneously, usually in a few months, but may rarely last up to 2 years. Although nutrition is not likely to cause varicose veins, it is thought that excess weight triggers the formation of varicose veins. Can all types of varicose be treated? All types of varicose veins can be treated in a few sessions with accurate diagnosis, planning, vessel mapping, and foam therapy during follow-up. How long will I need to rest at home after the treatment? Usually you don't need to rest at home, you feel good. Can varicose veins be treated in summer? Varicose veins can be treated in any season. Varicose veins on female genitalia can also be treated. I am pregnant, my varicose veins have increased a lot, can I be treated? You can use compression stockings to reduce your complaints. You can be treated even while breastfeeding 2-3 months after the pregnancy ends. How long does varicose treatment take? Although the processing time after Doppler Mapping takes less than an hour, it is possible to go home after an hour of follow-up. Can varicose veins be prevented? Compression socks, drug therapy, walking and doing sports delay the formation of varicose veins. But it doesn't completely prevent it. Is the treatment too painful? Depending on the method used in the treatment, there may be some pain to be tolerated. Laser temperature can be controlled with appropriate tumescence anesthesia. It is a method that gives excellent results with needles applied in capillaries. Can vaginal varices also be treated? For vaginal varicose veins, an angiography device is used to detect leaks in the ovarian vessels, and pelvic congestion syndrome is treated with coiling method. Varicose veins and groin pain and pressure sensation around the vagina and uterus disappear over time. Is there any treatment for varicose veins other than laser treatment? Many methods such as bonding, steam closure, suturing, radiofrequency have been tried and clinically beneficial. However, none of them has been shown to be superior to the laser treatment applied to the vein, tissue adhesive remains in the vein in the bonding process and there is no fully automatic system that distributes the energy equally like the automatic pulling function in the laser device. Preferably, special laser systems should be used that distribute the round-tipped laser beam equally to the entire vessel wall and automatically pull the laser fiber to distribute it over the entire vessel surface and energize only the vessel wall. How does an interventional radiologist treat varicose veins? First of all, he listens to the patient's complaints and performs an external examination. External examination is never enough. Using Doppler Ultrasound, it detects areas of insufficiency called vascular leakage, makes vascular mapping and treatment plan. It determines how much energy and which method to apply to which area. Laser or sclerotherapy applies according to Doppler mapping. It diagnoses and treats, and most importantly, it follows up with intermittent Doppler Ultraonography. It performs all diagnosis and treatment processes in sterile and even angiography unit conditions. https://www.instagram.com/varis_tedavisi_antalya/

With breast vacuum biopsy, it is possible to get rid of benign breast masses without pain and surgery. In addition, malignant breast masses sometimes cannot be seen clearly on ultrasound and sufficient tissue cannot be obtained in standard biopsy. The diagnosis of breast cancer can be made more clearly with breast vacuum biopsy performed by physicians who have specialized in Interventional Radiology. The diagnosis and simultaneous treatment of common and benign breast masses such as fibroadenoma is performed with Interventional Radiology by removing them with non-surgical local anesthesia and vacuum needle. With the vacuum biopsy method, our patients both get rid of the mass in the breast within 15 minutes, and if the results of the biopsy diagnosis are positive, they also get rid of the masses that need to be constantly checked. Breast vacuum biopsy is for the diagnosis of breast masses that cannot be seen on ultrasound and detected by breast MRI. In addition, it is a short-term procedure and patients can get rid of masses such as benign fibroadenomas in the breast without surgery. It can be used as an effective solution in cancer diagnosis by removing untargeted tissues in standard biopsies. In this patient, cancer was detected in very small foci and oncological follow-up and treatment was started.

What is Microwave Ablation? In microwave ablation (MWA), a needle is inserted through the skin into a liver tumor, microwaves are generated from the needle to create a small heat zone, this heat destroys liver cancer cells. Is Cancer Treatment Possible Without Surgery? Microwave ablation (MWA) is an effective treatment option when surgery is not possible or for patients with tumors less than 4 cm in diameter and fewer than 5 tumors. Who Should You Contact? It is a method applied by experts who have specialized in Interventional Radiology and are experienced in Microwave ablation (MWA). If you are likely to be pregnant, you should inform your Interventional Radiology specialist about your chronic ailments, special medical conditions, allergies and medications. What should you pay attention to before the procedure? Your doctor will explain to you in detail the necessary procedures, the preparations you need to make and the points you need to pay attention to, although it differs for each patient; He or she may recommend that you stop taking aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), or blood thinners a few days beforehand. You may be instructed not to eat or drink anything for several hours before the procedure. It is recommended that you leave your jewelry at home and wear loose, comfortable clothes. You may be asked to wear an apron. You should make the necessary planning, thinking that someone will need to drive you home later. How is Microwave Ablation Method Applied? In the images below These are the images before and after the Microwave Ablation procedure for liver metastasis of a breast cancer patient. In the first image, while the tumor is clearly glowing on PET, we see dead cancer tissue that has left its place to a dark color after the glowing tumor after the Microwave Ablation procedure. Our patient successfully got rid of the tumor tissue. In these images, as you can see in the photos of our colon cancer metastasis patient before and after the Microwave Ablation procedures, when the tumor tissue is heated with the inserted microwave needle, the air bubbles appear as whitening on ultrasound. When the lesion turns white all around, it is observed that it is completely heated and cooked, so to speak. The blackness in the middle of the tomography shows air vapor as a result of destruction, and the area that turns black according to PET images shows dead cancer tissue.

Cryoablation for cancer treatment is a treatment method that destroys cancer cells with the application of extreme cold. @girisimsel_radioloji_uzman @drsistem During cryoablation, cryoprobes are used, which are hollow needles through which cooled, thermally conductive fluids are circulated. Since it is applied over the skin and directly to the cancerous tumor, the risk of damage to nearby tissues is minimal. When the patient does not have a surgical option, non-surgical cancer is preferred as a treatment option in patients who are suitable for this procedure. Cryoablation is also sometimes used as primary treatment for the following types of cancer: The necessary conditions and the appropriateness of the treatment depend on the joint decision of the Interventional Radiology specialist and the oncology specialist. -Bone cancer -Cervical cancer -Eye cancer - Kidney cancer -Liver cancer -Lung cancer -Prostate cancer -Cryoablation is also used to relieve pain and other symptoms caused by cancer that has spread to the bone (bone metastasis) or other organs. Cryoablation for cancer may also be called percutaneous cryoablation, cryosurgery, or cryotherapy. With DrSistem's own software, DrChat, you can meet all our member doctors and specialists online, ask questions, and share all your patient files easily and securely. www.drsistem.com

Varicose veins are common in the leg and may appear as fine lines, webs or branches. It happens because of weak valves in veins that don't work properly. Blood collects in the veins. In people with varicose veins, pain in the legs gets worse after sitting or standing for a long time. Ankles are swollen and color changes are seen in the area around the varicose veins. At night, there is usually a muscle cramp in the legs. First of all, a physical examination is made by the Interventional Radiology Specialist. In order to check the blood flow and the structure of the vessels in the legs, a diagnostic test is performed with the help of Duplex Doppler Ultrasound with various maneuvers while standing. Diagnosis and treatment by the same physician will increase the success of the treatment and reduce the possibility of recurrence in follow-ups. * If varicose is not treated, it progresses gradually and reduces the quality of life. If varicose veins progress, wounds may open on the ankle. * Varicose veins can be treated on an outpatient basis without loss of work force. *Sclerotherapy for varicose veins is a method that has been used safely for 30 years. * After the treatment of varicose veins, there may be spots temporarily, but they resolve spontaneously, usually in a few months, but rarely, it can take up to 2 years. *Although nutrition is not likely to cause varicose veins, it is thought that excess weight triggers the formation of varicose veins. Laser and Foam (sclerotherapy) Treatment Medical treatment is necessary for pain relief when varicose veins worsen. The doctor first recommends that you use compression stockings every day to improve blood circulation and reduce pain or discomfort. Sclerotherapy can be applied to treat small varicose veins; A solution is injected into the vein to reduce the appearance of varicose veins. In some cases, laser or radiofrequency ablation, a minimally invasive treatment, is used to close the veins in the legs. A minifilebotomy can also be done to remove varicose veins in the legs.

We would like to make a short briefing for our patients who are afraid of port insertion; The diameter of the port is maximum 3 cm and an incision of the appropriate size must be opened to allow it to enter through the skin and it must be closed with a few stitches to heal this incision. Even though the healing process is troublesome in the first few days, it is possible to get rid of the stitches completely in 10 days; If the port is not placed, unfortunately, hundreds of needles, blood supplements, nutritional supplements, which the patients will receive from the arm, will cause occlusion of the arm veins after a while and cause greater pain and distress; Our patients state that they can easily endure 2-3 temporary stitches for the use of a small coin-sized port under the skin, considering that thicker catheters will be inserted and the catheters will hang out from the neck, thus restricting neck movements and suffering from hoses hanging from the side of the face. The common opinion of the patients who are afraid of having a port installed and who are exposed to these negative processes in the end is "I wish we had the port installed beforehand without hesitation". We wish you healthy days. #drsistem#drchat#sanalhealthconsultant www.drsistem.com on Linkedin, Instagram, Twitter, Facebook, Pinterest and YouTube

What is Venous Insufficiency? How is Varicose Veins Treatment done? Varicose veins are twisted and swollen veins; it appears dark blue or purple just under the skin. Varicose veins are common in the leg and may appear as fine lines, webs or branches. It happens because of weak valves in veins that don't work properly. Instead of blood flowing to the heart, it collects in the veins. Women are more likely to develop varicose veins. The older you get, the greater your chances of having varicose veins because aging causes the veins to become weak or damaged. Heredity is also a risk factor for developing varicose veins, if some members of the family have varicose veins, you will have more opportunities to have it. Being overweight and standing or sitting for long periods of time also increases the chances of developing varicose veins as it puts pressure on the lower body veins, which can damage the valves in the veins or weaken the vein walls. Varicose Veins Symptoms and Complaints People with varicose veins may feel sore, sore and uncomfortable in the legs. The pain gets worse after sitting or standing for a long time. The ankles are swollen and there are color changes in the area around the varicose veins. At night, there is usually a muscle cramp in the legs. Diagnosis and Follow-up The doctor will perform a physical examination and take a history. Normally, a diagnostic test such as Duplex Doppler Ultrasound, which will be looked at with various maneuvers, especially standing, is done to check the blood flow and the structure of the vessels in the legs. Diagnosis and treatment by the same physician will increase the success of the treatment and reduce the likelihood of recurrence in follow-ups. Laser and Foam (sclerotherapy) Treatment Medical treatment is necessary for pain relief when varicose veins worsen. The doctor first recommends using compression stockings every day to improve blood circulation and reduce pain or discomfort. For small varicose veins, sclerotherapy can be applied to treat small varicose veins; It involves injecting a solution into the vein to reduce the appearance of varicose veins. In some cases, laser or radiofrequency ablation, a minimally invasive treatment, is done to heat the walls to damage the walls inside the veins and close the veins in the legs. A minifilebotomy can also be done to remove varicose veins in the legs. Prevention There are some ways to improve circulation and reduce your risk of developing varicose veins, including exercising regularly and controlling your diet. Avoid high heels and regularly changing sitting or standing positions. ​ ​ Frequently asked questions about varicose veins: Why does varicose occur? The valve structure of the veins is damaged. If it starts to expand, it cannot be repaired. Pain, swelling and cramping in the legs may also accompany. How many types of varicose are there? There are 3 types according to their size and shape; capillary, vascular ball thin varicose and thick skin varicose veins Is there a predisposition to varicose veins? Genetics (heredity), gender (being female), standing too much, lifting heavy, being inactive What happens if I don't get treatment for varicose veins? If varicose veins are not treated, it progresses gradually and reduces the quality of life. If varicose veins progress, wounds may open on the ankle. All varicose veins can be treated on an outpatient basis without loss of work force. Varicose vein sclerotherapy is a method that has been used safely for 30 years. After the treatment of varicose veins, spots may occur temporarily, but they resolve spontaneously, usually in a few months, but may rarely last up to 2 years. Although nutrition is not likely to cause varicose veins, it is thought that excess weight triggers the formation of varicose veins. Can all types of varicose be treated? All types of varicose veins can be treated in a few sessions with accurate diagnosis, planning, vessel mapping, and foam therapy during follow-up. How long will I need to rest at home after the treatment? Usually you don't need to rest at home, you feel good. Can varicose veins be treated in summer? Varicose veins can be treated in any season. Varicose veins on female genitalia can also be treated. I am pregnant, my varicose veins have increased a lot, can I be treated? You can use compression stockings to reduce your complaints. You can be treated even while breastfeeding 2-3 months after the pregnancy ends. How long does varicose treatment take? Although the processing time after Doppler Mapping takes less than an hour, it is possible to go home after an hour of follow-up. Can varicose veins be prevented? Compression socks, drug therapy, walking and doing sports delay the formation of varicose veins. But it doesn't completely prevent it. Is the treatment too painful? Depending on the method used in the treatment, there may be some pain to be tolerated. Laser temperature can be controlled with appropriate tumescence anesthesia. It is a method that gives excellent results with needles applied in capillaries. Can vaginal varices also be treated? For vaginal varicose veins, an angiography device is used to detect leaks in the ovarian vessels, and pelvic congestion syndrome is treated with coiling method. Vaginal and uterine

TAKE method in liver masses In Interventional Radiology, TACE is a method of occlusion of the vessel that provides direct chemotherapy to the liver and feeds the tumor. Here, since chemotherapy and vaso-occlusion drugs are given directly to the vessel feeding the tumor, it is ensured that the tumor receives intensive chemotherapy and the vessels that feed it are closed. Also, since it is a tumor-focused application, the biggest advantage is that the whole body is not under the influence of heavy chemotherapy. TAKE is a non-surgical procedure performed by entering from the inguinal region. This method is applied for patients who have liver cancer or a mass due to cancer spread and have not benefited from systemic chemotherapy. Microwave and cryoablation methods are also effective non-surgical treatment methods in cancer. For detailed information and appointment, you can reach us at +90 552 310 57 11.

WHAT IS THE THYROID Gland? The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped organ located just below the cartilage called the Adam's apple in the anterior part of the neck. It weighs about 20 grams. It secretes hormones that are vital for our body. WHAT IS A THYROID NODULE? Thyroid nodules are abnormal lumps or masses of different structures and sizes that occur within the thyroid tissue. Most of them are harmless and benign. Nodules are usually not noticed until they reach 2 cm in diameter, where they are visible to the naked eye. They carry a cancer risk of 5-10%. Thyroid nodules can be single or multiple, but they can also be solid (solid), cystic (fluid-filled) or mixed. IN WHICH CONDITIONS IS THYROID BIOPSY DONE? in ultrasonography with microcalcifications with irregular borders atypical looking Fine-needle biopsy must be performed on the nodules by an interventional radiologist. HOW IS THYROID BIOPSY DONE? The main way to find out if a thyroid nodule is at risk of cancer is to do a biopsy. Cells are drawn from the nodule in your thyroid with a fine needle, spread on the glass and sent to pathology. Pathology detects whether these cells are malignant. With a fine-needle biopsy, it doesn't hurt as much as pinching your neck, and mild swelling, pain, or redness may occur with low risk.